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Science News

Recent reporting, background, and summaries from the science desk.

Japan Spacecraft Faces Spinning Asteroid
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Japan Spacecraft Faces Spinning Asteroid

New observations reveal that asteroid 1998 KY26, the target for Japan's Hayabusa2 mission, is significantly smaller and spins much faster than previously estimated, posing complex challenges for the spacecraft's planned encounter and potential touchdown maneuvers. Despite these hurdles, the mission remains a high priority, promising unprecedented insights into rapidly rotating micro-asteroids, the early solar system, and crucial data for asteroid defense strategies.

Vaccine-Autism Reversal Sparks CDC Crisis
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Vaccine-Autism Reversal Sparks CDC Crisis

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is facing significant backlash after reportedly altering its website to suggest that the claim "vaccines do not cause autism" lacks sufficient evidence, a move that contradicts decades of scientific consensus. This controversial change, allegedly implemented without the consultation of career scientists, has ignited fears among public health experts that it will undermine public trust in vaccinations and could lead to a resurgence of preventable diseases.

CERN ALPHA Breaks Antihydrogen Record
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CERN ALPHA Breaks Antihydrogen Record

CERN's ALPHA experiment has achieved a monumental breakthrough in antimatter research, dramatically increasing the production of antihydrogen atoms to over 15,000 in just a few hours—an eightfold efficiency boost. This unprecedented success, made possible by a pioneering positron cooling method, promises to revolutionize fundamental physics by enabling faster, more detailed investigations into matter-antimatter symmetries.

Comet ATLAS Water Shakes Cosmic Theories
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Comet ATLAS Water Shakes Cosmic Theories

Scientists utilizing NASA's Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory have made the groundbreaking discovery of hydroxyl gas, a key signature of water, emanating from the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS at an unprecedented distance from the Sun, challenging long-held assumptions about comet formation. This ancient comet, estimated to be at least 7 billion years old, offers profound insights into the widespread availability of life's chemical ingredients across the cosmos.

Neanderthals, Humans Shared Kisses: Study
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Neanderthals, Humans Shared Kisses: Study

A groundbreaking new study from the University of Oxford suggests that Neanderthals and early modern humans likely engaged in kissing, offering a fascinating glimpse into their intimate interactions. Published in *Evolution and Human Behavior*, this intriguing conclusion is drawn from an analysis of kissing's evolutionary origins across primates and the discovery of shared mouth microbes between the two hominin species, adding a "romantic spin" to our understanding of their complex relationship.

NASA, Blue Origin Launch Dual Mars Mission
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NASA, Blue Origin Launch Dual Mars Mission

NASA's ESCAPADE mission, launched on November 13, 2025, aboard a Blue Origin New Glenn rocket, will send two probes to Mars to study its magnetic environment and atmospheric loss, providing crucial data for future human exploration. This innovative mission employs a "launch-and-loiter" trajectory via the Earth-Sun L2 Lagrange point, revolutionizing future interplanetary travel with more flexible launch windows.

Ancient Fossil Rewrites Early Life
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Ancient Fossil Rewrites Early Life

A 540-million-year-old fossil called Salterella has been reclassified, profoundly changing our understanding of early animal evolution by definitively linking it to the cnidarian family, which includes modern jellyfish and corals. This significant discovery, made by Virginia Tech researchers, sheds new light on how animals first developed skeletons during the Cambrian Period and fills a crucial gap in the evolutionary tree.

3 Earth-Sized Planets Orbit Twin Suns
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3 Earth-Sized Planets Orbit Twin Suns

Astronomers have made a groundbreaking discovery in the TOI-2267 system, identifying three Earth-sized planets uniquely orbiting both stars, marking the first time such a planetary arrangement has been observed. This unprecedented finding challenges existing theories of planetary formation, as these small, rocky worlds in a compact binary system defy previous assumptions about gravitational stability and the rarity of Earth-sized planets in such environments.

Brain Immune Cells Offer Alzheimer's Hope
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Brain Immune Cells Offer Alzheimer's Hope

Scientists have identified a specialized subset of brain immune cells, called microglia, that actively slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease by reducing inflammation and blocking the spread of harmful proteins. This groundbreaking discovery, published in Nature, offers a promising new direction for developing immunotherapeutic strategies that harness the brain's natural defenses to combat the devastating disease.

Interstellar Comet Borisov Nears Earth
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Interstellar Comet Borisov Nears Earth

A newly discovered comet, C/2025 V1 (Borisov), is making its closest approach to Earth today, November 11, 2025, passing at a safe distance of 103 million kilometers after its recent discovery by amateur astronomer Gennadiy Borisov. This "nearly interstellar" object, originating from the Oort Cloud, is captivating scientists with its unusual "vanishing tail" and serving as a crucial comparison for understanding other anomalous celestial visitors.

Supercomputer Boosts Enceladus Life Search
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Supercomputer Boosts Enceladus Life Search

Revolutionary supercomputer models have revealed that Saturn's moon Enceladus expels 20 to 40 percent less mass from its geysers than previously estimated, significantly refining our understanding of its internal dynamics and ocean interaction. This crucial insight, alongside new findings of global heat distribution suggesting a stable, long-term liquid ocean, further solidifies Enceladus's status as a prime candidate for extraterrestrial life and informs future exploration missions.

Nobel Physics 2025: Quantum Computing Boost
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Nobel Physics 2025: Quantum Computing Boost

John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret, and John M. Martinis have been awarded the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics for their revolutionary discovery of "macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling and energy quantisation in an electric circuit," demonstrating quantum phenomena at a larger scale. This groundbreaking work, conducted in the mid-1980s, fundamentally reshaped our understanding of quantum physics and laid the essential foundation for modern superconducting quantum computing technologies.

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